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Background: For individuals with prediabetes and diabetes, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends consuming more whole foods rather than highly processed foods as part of the everyday diet. Trends in ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption among adults with diabetes and prediabetes in the general population are uncharacterized. Methods: We conducted a serial cross-sectional analysis of data in adult participants (aged 20+) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2001-2018 (N=76,815). We defined diabetes as either a HbA1C >=6.5% or self-reported diabetes diagnosis and prediabetes as a HbA1C 5.7 – 50% of total energy intake in all survey cycles. From 2001 to 2018, UPF consumption increased for adults with diabetes (51% to 56%, p=0.001), prediabetes (54% to 57%, p=0.009), and no diabetes (53% to 56%, p=0.027) (Fig, A-C) . Over the same period, minimally processed food consumption decreased for adults with diabetes (37% to 29%, p<0.001), prediabetes (34% to 28%, p<0.001), and no diabetes (32% to 27%, p<0.001) (Fig, D-F) . Conclusion: UPF consumption increased among adults with diabetes, prediabetes, and those without diabetes between 2001-2018. Since consuming UPF is linked with poor health outcomes including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, there should be strategies and interventions designed to enhance overall diet quality for all persons, particularly those with prediabetes and diabetes.
Guo et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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