An Observational Study on Indications for Primary Cesarean Section at a Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Caesarean section is the most commonly performed obstetric surgical procedure which with a suitable indication is potentially lifesaving. But it has many disadvantages for both mother and baby. Aims and Objectives: Hence, the present study is taken up to analyze various indications of primary cesarean section in a tertiary hospital, with an aim to reduce the C-section rate. Material and Methods: This is a Retrospective Observational study conducted at GGH Guntur, a tertiary care center, for 1 year from 1st October 2022 to 30 September 2023. All primary cesarean sections done at GGH, Guntur during the study period were included. All Repeat cesarean sections, primary sections done in other hospitals and referred to GGH Guntur, and patients with a previous history of laparotomy done for any obstetric or gynecological cause were excluded. Results: During the study period, out of 7548 deliveries, Normal deliveries were 3591, whereas Total cesarean sections were 3957. Of them, 2148 were primary cesarean sections and 1809 were repeat cesarean sections. So, the rate of primary cesarean section in our hospital was 54.3%. Fetal distress (32%) was found to be the most common indication for primary c-section followed by Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion (CPD) (26%). Conclusion: Our study highlights the need to lower c-section rates. Efforts like counseling women about the benets of Normal Vaginal Delivery(NVD), precise use of partograph, judicious use of oxytocin with other labour-inducing agents, timely admission and wise decision making while considering c-section, and expertization of instrumental vaginal delivery skills should be taken to achieve this.