Evaluation of the Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and in Vivo Antihyperglycemic Effect of Coccinia Grandis Leaf Extract in Mice

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease described as a high level of blood glucose level and caused by Insulin Deficiency called (Type I). Abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates in connection with insufficient insulin production is called Type II (insulin resistance). As synthetic drugs are generated for the management of different types of DM in injectable and oral dosage forms undesired side effects are being recorded. Objective: The research side moves nowadays to the safer chemical components with hypoglycemic effects. Using natural remedies, particularly those derived from medicinal plants, to treat diabetes has emerged as a promising alternative treatment.Methods: This study investigated the phytochemicals constituents, and anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidant activities of Coccinia grandis leaves extract. Where the leaves of Coccinia grandis were collected and the extract containing ethanol was made. The initial phytochemical screening concerning the plant powder was done using standard procedures. Sixteen mice were divided into four groups, group (1) received normal saline, group (2) received standard oral hypoglycemic agent (glimepiride), group (3) received Glucose 50%, and group (4) received ethanolic extract. Extract doses were calculated according to the mice's body weight. Results: Antioxidant activity for the plant extract was found to be (62 ± 0.03 %) The Anti-hyperglycemic effect was determined by calculating the reduction in glucose levels as a function of time. Conclusion: The outcomes showed that the pharmacological impact of C. grandis’s extract reduces the blood glucose levels than the normal metabolic process and when compared to the standard oral hypoglycemic agent. Peer Review History: Received 2 February 2024; Revised 11 March 2024; Accepted 23 April; Available online 15 May 2024 Academic Editor: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt, gehankandeel9@yahoo.com Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewers: Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id Prof. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf, Sana'a university, Yemen, alialkaf21@gmail.com