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Objective To examine the prognostic values of systemic immune-inflammation indices of hemodialysis (HD) vascular access failure and develop a prediction model for vascular access failure based on the most pertinent systemic immune-inflammation index. Study design A prospective cohort study. Setting participants Patients undergoing autogenous HD vascular access surgeries or arteriovenous graft as a permanent hemodialysis access in a tertiary center in southwest China from January 2020 to June 2022. Predictors Systemic immune-inflammation indices, including NLR, dNLR, AAPR, SIRI, SII, PNI, PLR, and LIPI, and clinical variables. Outcomes The outcome was defined as survival of the hemodialysis access, with both occluded and stenotic access being considered as instances of access failure. Analytical approach Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results 2690 patients were included in the study population, of whom 658 experienced access failure during the follow-up period. The median duration of survival for HD vascular access was 18 months. The increased systemic immune-inflammation indices, including dNLR, NLR, SII, PNI, SIRI, PLR, and LIPI, are predictive of HD access failure, with SII demonstrating the strongest prognostic value. A simple SII-based prediction model for HD access failure was developed, achieving C-indexes of 0.6314 (95% CI: 0.6249 – 0.6589) and 0.6441 (95% CI: 0.6212 – 0.6670) for predicting 6- and 12-month access survival, respectively. Conclusions Systemic immune-inflammation indices are significantly and negatively associated with HD vascular access survival. A simple SII-based prediction model was developed and anticipates further improvement through larger study cohort and validation from diverse centers.
Song et al. (2024) studied this question.