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Narayana guru (1856–1928), in whose name the Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam was formed in early twentieth-century Kerala, challenged the claim that brahmins made to the exclusive possession of the wisdom and practices of the Vedic and Vedantic texts. Guru did this by preaching a variant of Upanishadic philosophy and establishing temples in which he installed the deities. Drawing mainly upon the writings of a disciple, Nataraja guru (1895–1973), this article explores the links between the spiritual and the political through a historicising perspective.
K. V. Cybil (Tue,) studied this question.