Enhancing Crop Production: Unveiling the Role of Nanofertilizers in Sustainable Agriculture and Precision Nutrient Management

Improving agricultural output worldwide to satisfy the demands of a rapidly expanding population may be possible, in part, through the creation and use of novel fertilizers made possible by cutting-edge nanotechnology. As a matter of fact, according to the literature assessment, there are designed nanomaterials that, at specific concentrations, can improve plant development. These materials could be utilized as nanofertilizers in agriculture to boost crop yields and reduce pollution. Nanofertilizers that enhance plant development, nanofertilizers that include nutrients, and nanofertilizers that contain micronutrients are the four main types of nanomaterials discussed in this article. Concerning the chemical makeup of the nanomaterials, the size of the particles, the concentrations used, the plant species that benefited, the techniques of plant incubation, and the features and rates of plant growth promotion, each category is addressed separately. Furthermore, we take a close look at each type of nanofertilizer to determine its relevance, potential future paths, and special research needs in the pursuit of sustainable agriculture. Lastly, this paper argues that protecting the environment and increasing food production should be top research priorities, and they propose developing macronutrient nanofertilizers containing N and P.