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Wireless sensing and wireless energy are enablers to pave the way for smart transportation and a greener future. In this paper, an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted integrated sensing and wireless power transfer (ISWPT) system is investigated, where the transmitter in transportation infrastructure networks sends signals to sense multiple targets and simultaneously to multiple energy harvesting devices (EHDs) to power them. Recognizing the inherent tradeoff between energy harvesting and sensing performance, we propose to jointly optimize the system performance via optimizing the beamforming and IRS phase shift. However, the coupling of optimization variables makes the formulated problem non-convex. Thus, an alternative optimization approach is introduced and based on which two algorithms are proposed to solve the problem. Specifically, the first algorithm involves the semi-positive definite programming techniques, and the second algorithm is based on the successive convex approximations and majorization minimization to design the closed form solutions of the optimization variables, which can effectively reduce the computational complexity. Our simulation results validate the proposed algorithms and demonstrate the advantages of using IRS to assist wireless power transfer in ISWPT systems. This research contributes to the integration of wireless sensing and wireless energy in intelligent transportation systems and underscores the optimization of system performance through the introduction of IRS.
Li et al. (Mon,) studied this question.