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The tailrace tunnel system, as a core component of hydroelectric power stations, directly influences the stability and efficiency of the power generation process. Transient conditions often lead to the occurrence of complex unsteady flow phenomena in the tailrace tunnel. In this study, numerical methods integrating open channel flow, multiphase flow, and compressible models were combined to conduct hydraulic analysis of the tailrace system in large hydroelectric power stations. Under specific conditions, periodic jet phenomena were observed, corroborating field observations. The research revealed that the proximity of downstream water levels to the crest level of the tailrace outlet is a prerequisite for the periodic jetting phenomenon, with a sudden rise in water level serving as a triggering condition. Although the surge shaft effectively mitigates wave action, it fails to entirely eliminate the influence of pressure pulsations, resulting in a 23.2% increase in pressure pulsation amplitude in the turbine area. However, the efficiency of the turbine unit is hardly affected; only a slight loss of energy occurs due to the increase in local turbulent entropy production, deemed inconsequential for the overall system. This study aims to investigate the complex response of tailrace tunnel systems in hydroelectric power generation amidst abrupt changes in downstream river, providing crucial insights for the engineering design and operation of large-scale power stations.
Guo et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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