The rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

ABSTRACT Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is still the leading cause of mortality, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become an important treatment method. Post-ACS patients still have a high risk of cardiovascular events such as all - cause mortality, myocardial infarction and nonfatal stroke in 12 months, so we conduct this study with 2 objectives: To investigate clinical and subclinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with acute coronary syndrome and to evaluate the rate of major cardiovascular event, associations with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptive method was conducted on 337 patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention at the Emergency - Interventional Cardiology Department - Hue Central Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 and followed up 12 months. Results: The mean age was 68.19 ± 10.73, the male/female ratio was approximately 2/1. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) and unstable angina accounted for 56.4%, 27.3% and 16.3%, respectively. The rate of major cardiovascular events (MACE) within 12 months after the intervention was 3.6%, of which 75% occurred during hospital stay and 1 month after discharge. Age > 75, BMI, tachycardia, cardiogenic shock, decreased glomerular filtration rate on admission, fibrinolytic therapy, and bleeding were associated with major cardiovascular events within 12 months after discharge. Conclusion: The rate of major cardiovascular events after 12-month follow - up was 3.6%, of which the mortality rate was 2.4%, in - hospital and 30-day post-discharge MACE accounted for more than 75%. Therefore, it is necessary to have an attitude of following up and optimal medical treatment within 30 days in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, especially in high - risk patients.