Formation of historical memory of students of a pedagogical university in the process of teaching the academic discipline “History of Russia”

The aim of the study is to improve the mechanism of formation of historical memory of students of a pedagogical university in the process of teaching the academic discipline “History of Russia”. The article reveals the methods of formation of historical memory of future teachers, analyzes the problems arising in this case. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the process of formation of historical memory is investigated on the example of education and upbringing of students of a pedagogical university in the context of teaching the academic discipline “History of Russia” in close connection with extracurricular activities. A special role in conducting classroom lessons is given to active teaching methods: lectures with pre-planned errors, lectures-conversations, lectures-debates, debates, discussions, disputes, brainstorming, student research projects. We propose to use them as a single system, necessarily supplemented by educational activities, since their episodic use will not give the desired result. We focus on the fact that students should not be passive objects of training and education. They need to be involved in the process of forming historical memory, to make them active participants. Future teachers have basic professional knowledge and skills. Often they themselves become sources of interesting information, unexpected pedagogical approaches and solutions. That is why we pay special attention to the need for a comprehensive combination of classroom lessons on the academic discipline “History of Russia” with various educational activities. As a result of the research, it was found that one of the main sources of obtaining reliable historical knowledge and forming the historical memory of students of a pedagogical university is the consolidation of classroom lessons with the wide use of active teaching methods and educational activities, such as thematic curatorial hours, memorial watches, public lectures, participation in amateur performances, patriotic actions, search movement, excursions to museums and places of memory.