Using a PID controller to design an active suspension system in a car

An active suspension system is applied in vehicles to enhance stability and comfort during movement. It consists of a bidirectional hydraulic actuator that connects suspended and unsuspended parts, a controller, and various sensors. The controller was designed to send signals to the actuator, generating interaction forces between the suspended and unsuspended parts to improve ride comfort. However, the actuator's ability to generate force is limited; therefore, the controller must be designed to ensure that the signals sent to the actuator are within its response range. In this study, the authors utilized anti-windup techniques along with a PID controller to regulate the active suspension system. This controller was simulated on a quarter-car oscillation model. The simulation results show that the active suspension system significantly improves smoothness and motion safety compared with the passive suspension system.