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Introduction: Hypertension, a major cause of cardiovascular disease, often remains unmitigated by antihypertensive treatment, suggesting additional factors at play. Insulin resistance, a hallmark of metabolic syndrome, independently elevates cardiovascular risk. This study aims to assess insulin resistance prevalence in non-diabetic hypertensive individuals, potentially prompting routine screening to curb metabolic syndrome development and reduce cardiovascular disease incidence. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with essential hypertension compared to a healthy population, with a focus on determining the association between insulin resistance and hypertension, BMI, age, sex, and family history of diabetes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine, Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Andhra Pradesh. A total of 200 participants were included (100 hypertensive patients and 100 controls). Data on demographics, anthropometrics, and metabolic factors were collected. Insulin resistance was assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Statistical analysis was performed to compare variables between groups. Results: Hypertensive patients exhibited significantly higher mean fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to normotensive controls (p 25. Age and sex did not show significant associations with insulin resistance. Similarly, there was no significant difference in insulin resistance based on family history of diabetes. Conclusion: Essential hypertension is associated with increased insulin resistance, especially in individuals with higher BMI. Early identification and management of insulin resistance in hypertensive patients may contribute to the prevention of metabolic syndrome and subsequent cardiovascular diseases.
Prasad et al. (Sun,) studied this question.