Usa Experience Regarding the Reintegration of War Veterans Into Civilian Life

The article summarizes the experience of the United States regarding the reintegration of veterans into civilian life, namely: the peculiarities of regulatory and legal regulation and the main directions of veteran policy. It was established that the American legislation uses two terms –«veteran» and «active military serviceman», while in Ukraine – «combatant», «military serviceman», «war veteran», «war participant». The American practice of military reintegration into civilian life involves mandatory participation in the Transition Assistance Program (TAP). The main directions of military reintegration into civilian life in the USA, which are under the competence of the Department of Defense, the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Labor, are: social adaptation; psychological support; professional retraining; support with housing. Social adaptation includes social communication, social support and formation of new social skills. Psychological support includes specialized support and treatment. Professional retraining of veterans is the acquisition of new professional qualifications through the acquisition of additional education or skills. Support with housing includes providing a loan for the purchase of housing, maintenance and adaptation of houses to new requirements in case of disability.It has been established that the USA is a country where «military social work» was formed, which is understood as a specialized practice of social work that provides support to military personnel, war veterans and their family members. Military social workers provide a range of services (counseling, crisis intervention, supervision), conduct training and coaching, and organize presentations of special client health support events to colleagues at all levels. Regarding the provision of social benefits, the USA has an exclusive approach to veterans policy – welfare programs for veterans operate separately from programs for the general population. The current system of benefits for veterans in the United States is complex.