Management for persistent HPV infection and cervical lesions among women infected with HIV: a retrospective observational cohort study

Abstract Background Early diagnosis and treatment of HPV persistent infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, which have yet to be thoroughly characterized in Guangxi, Southwestern China, are the key preventative measures for the development of cervical cancer in women, particularly in HIV-infected women. Methods A retrospective study of 181 patients with HPV infection or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who received surgical excision of lesions and were prospectively enrolled at the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning between January 2018 and February 2023 was performed. HPV-infected patients were divided into two subgroups: HIV-infected and HIV/HPV-coinfected patients and compare differences between these groups. Results HPV16, 18, 52, and 58 were the most prevalent HPV genotypes. High-risk HPV was significantly co-infected with multiple genotypes ( P = 0.0332). HIV-infected women were predisposed to HPV infection ( P < 0.0001), and the development of cervical cancer at a young age ( P = 0.0336) compared to HIV-uninfected women and the loop electrosurgical excision procedure ( P = 0.0480) is preferred for the treatment. Conclusions HIV infection may increase HPV prevalence and lead to cervical cancer development at a young age. The loop electrosurgical excision procedure is an efficient evaluation and treatment strategy for HIV-infected women suffering from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.