Facilitating polymorphic crystallization of HMX through ultrasound and trace additive assistance

Low sensitivity octahydro-1,3,4,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) has garnered significant attention from researchers due to its reduced shock sensitivity. However, the crystallization process poses challenges due to the high solidity and viscosity of the metastable α phase. Despite efforts to address this with additional energy sources like ultrasonic irradiation, prolonged exposure duration often results in small particle sizes, hindering the production of HMX with a consistent particle size distribution, thus limiting its applicability. To overcome these challenges, a method combining ultrasonic irradiation and trace H