Recent advances in Green Synthesis and Therapeutic Potential of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Characteristics and Applications

The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is one of the most pressing problems faced by the world.One of the promising ways that have been discovered to overcome microbial resistance to antibiotics is the use of metal nanoparticles and their oxides.In particular, numerous studies have shown the high antibacterial potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in relation to grampositive and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus) and many other Multi Drug Resistant Bacteria (MDR).This literature review is focused on the synthesis, effects, and antimicrobial properties of ZnO-NPs along with its recent use as a potential therapeutic agent in treating various diseases by inhibiting the causative microorganisms.It also includes an analysis of the results of studies in recent years aimed at studying the potential of nanoparticles based on zinc oxide and various ways to increase the antibacterial efficiency.It is also observed that the combination of ZnONPs with other materials causes a synergistic effect which increases the efficacy of the nanoparticle due to the change in its antimicrobial properties.