Extraction of Phytochemicals from Pomegranate Peels: A Sustainable Approach

Abstract: Pomegranate (Punica granatum), often referred to as the ‘Tree of Life,’ is known for its extensive pharmacological properties. The peels of this fruit, typically considered waste, are rich in phytochemicals that offer numerous health benefits, including antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and anti-aging properties. Despite the known benefits, pomegranate peels are often discarded due to their bitterness and high fibre content. This represents a missed opportunity to harness their valuable phenolic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the total phenolic content (TPC) of pomegranate peel extract and to investigate effect of parameters like solvent type, particle size, and temperature on TPC yield. Methanol was found to be the most effective solvent, with total phenolic content of 27.11 mg GAE /g plant material due to its polar nature. The optimum particle size for extraction was determined to be 400 mm and temperature was identified as 50 °C, yielding a higher phenolic concentration. This study demonstrates the significant potential of pomegranate peels as a source of valuable phenolic compounds. By optimizing the extraction parameters, we can maximize the yield of these compounds, contributing to sustainable practices and reducing waste.