Figure 1 from Deuterium Metabolic Imaging Differentiates Glioblastoma Metabolic Subtypes and Detects Early Response to Chemoradiotherapy

Metabolic characterization of GBM tumor cells in vitro. A, ECAR measurements. There were no significant differences between A11 and U87 cells (P = 0.427) or between S2 and AT5 cells (P = 0.494). B, OCR measurements. There were no significant differences between S2 and AT5 cells (P = 0.920) or between A11 and U87 cells (P = 0.127). C, OCR/ECAR ratio. There were no significant differences between S2 and AT5 cells (P = 0.996) or between A11 and U87 cells (P = 0.378). D,2H MRS measurements of 2H-labeled lactate produced by A11, S2, and AT5 cells incubated for 4 hours in glucose-free neurobasal media and U87 cells incubated in glucose-free DMEM, both supplemented with 10 mmol/L 6,6′-2H2glucose. E and F, HSQC 1H-13C MRS measurements of 13C-labeled lactate (E) and Glx (F) measured in cell extracts obtained by chloroform–methanol extraction following incubation for 6 hours in glucose-free media supplemented with 10 mmol/L U-13Cglucose. Proton signal intensities in the spectra are reported relative to the TMSP standard. ns, not significant; *, P P P P