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Material waste from manufacturing poses substantial challenges. European companies generate more than 2.2 billion tons of waste annually. The utilization of already circulating resources plays a vital part in reducing the use of raw materials. The state-of-the-art methodology for designing from waste outlines a linear process with three phases: optimization, analysis, and design. However, there is limited understanding of the critical leap from analysis to designing with waste. Considering the co-evolutionary nature of design activity, it may not be efficient to separate these stages. In fact, research states design outcome is improved when problem-solution co-evolve. This study examines the process of design material assessment performed by industrial designers and technical experts. Through observations and participatory questioning of 13 cases of waste assessment from different industries, we examine and identify four modes of inquiry: 1) primary material sorting, 2) understanding material potentials, 3) identifying areas of application, and 4) value-ranking utilizations.
Sander et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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