Extraction of offshore aquaculture areas from Gaofen-2 remote sensing imagery based on deep learning

Extracting offshore aquaculture areas from high-resolution remote sensing images is significant for rational planning and dynamic management of aquaculture. However, the complex and changeable characteristics of aquaculture areas will lead to difficulty during high-resolution image processing. In this paper, an improved U-Net deep learning model is proposed to extract offshore aquaculture areas from high-resolution images. This model is improved by the pyramid pooling module (PPM) and up-sampling structure based on the original U-Net model. PPM and the up-sampling structure can better mine semantic and position information in high-resolution images, reduce the interference and adhesion of information in images, and improve the extraction accuracy of unclear aquaculture areas. Based on Gaofen-2 remote sensing image data of Rongcheng Bay in the eastern waters of Weihai City, Shandong Province, the extraction of offshore aquaculture areas is studied. The results show that the F1 score and MIoU of the proposed network model are 93.63% and 87.93%, respectively. Compared with several commonly used deep learning models, the improved U-Net model has a better extraction effect.