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Every business or profession is faced by unique and newer challenges. The nature, scope and magnitude of these challenges keep changing because of the increasing competition between firms, increased customer expectations and drastic change in customer preferences. Human resources of an organisation consist of all people who perform its activities (Bernardin, 2010). Subsequently, human resource management as part of an organisation must be prepared to deal with upcoming challenges and changing dynamic environment. This means understanding the effects of globalisation, work force diversity, changing skill requirements, Recruitment of new staffs, productivity, health and safety ,the contingent workforce, employee involvement and also technology changes (Decenzo & Robbins, 2007). Nowadays business society is going through a dynamic change due to multiple factors, which affect the industry. The most important of these factors are shift from manufacturing to services, globalization in every industry, changes in technology, automation and artificial intelligence and the worldwide dissemination of Information, Communication and Technology (ICT).How these Issues and challenges affect the organisational behaviour and Human Resource Management is the topic of this paper. An organisation can succeed if it has a sustainable competitive advantage (is better than competitors at something, and can hold that advantage over a sustained period of time). Thus, we can conclude that organisations need the kind of resources that will give them such an advantage. Human Resource responsibilities have become broader and more strategic over time in response to a number of trends. Changes are occurring today that are requiring HR managers to play an increasing central role in managing companies. These changes or trends include globalisation, changes in the nature of work, and technology. Globalisation is increasingly evident in the world .More globalisation means more competition, and more competition means more pressure to lower costs, make employees more productive, and do things better and less expensively. Human Resources play a key role in helping companies meet the challenges of global competition and strategic objectives to lower costs, improve productivity and increase organisational effectiveness (Desseler, Al Riss, 2012). A company’s policy and the HR policies and practices have to go in sync and the management shall be bold enough to bring about an organisational change. Here is when the issues are challenges reform and Human Resource Management finds its existence. In today’s business world, employees are ready to do their best and they also expect the best in return, in terms of rewards, incentives, communication, better healthcare facilities, a stress free work environment, and so A business organisation has to estimate its future manpower needs and adjust its manpower planning and development programmes.
P et al. (Thu,) studied this question.