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Abstract The study aims to explore the potential of utilizing palm oil plantation by-products, such as fronds, palm oil mill effluent (POME), and palm sludge, in the cattle palm integration program. The objective is to optimize the use of these by-products. The research area covers 18,600 hectares with a palm oil mill capacity of 60 tons FFB/hour. The plantation produces 20,944 tons of fronds per hectare annually, with 136 planting trees per hectare. The Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) has an inlet BOD of 25,000 - 35,000 mg/liter and inlet COD of 35,000 - 45,000 mg/liter. The palm sludge produced is 11,904 tons per year. All the remaining by products from palm oil plantations have the potential to be used as animal feed ingredients to support the cattle palm integration program (SISKA) to produce green economic cycle in addition to a green environment. However, to achieve this goal, further study is needed.
Arhian et al. (Sat,) studied this question.