Infant mortality in the European North of Russia in the late XIX–early XX centuries

In the XIX – early XX centuries, significant regional differences in infant mortality rates in the Russian Empire were observed. This study assesses early infant mortality in the Arkhangelsk and Vologda provinces located in the European North of Russia. The paper considers the dynamics and territorial differences in infant mortality in the period from 1885 to 1910. The work provides comparative data on the infant mortality rate for Uyezds and towns of the Arkhangelsk and Vologda provinces. As a result of the study, territories were identified where infant mortality rates were significantly higher than the provincial average. The comparison of the considered indicators among the urban and rural population was also carried out. Peculiarities of infant mortality caused by ethnicity and social status have been identified.