Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Indonesia is ranked sixth in the world regarding water resource reserves, with around 3,900 billion cubic meters or 6 percent of the world's total water reserves. However, the water source supplied is not functioning properly. Public-private partnership innovation through four East Java Regency/City Regional Drinking Water Companies (PDAM) with the Umbulan Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) is a solution to overcome water limitations. This research examined the role of Public-Private Partnerships from the perspective of disruptive innovation, a new collaborative form in Indonesia. This type of qualitative descriptive research involves community members and informants from government organizations related to PT Meta Adhya Tirta Umbulan. Research findings showed that Umbulan SPAM, as a new technological innovation used by local drinking water companies, had not provided meaningful results because the quality of human resources still needs to be improved. They had still not been able to adopt innovations that were implemented based on the amount of water wasted and the purpose of its distribution, and the company operates by its values to achieve its vision and goals and consistently complied with applicable regulations and standard operating procedures (SOP) to maintain appropriate standards. In the face of various difficulties, change is inevitable. As a collaborative tool, public-private partnerships are a byproduct of transformation. The capacity to survive in today's technologically transformed environment is essential for survival and adapting to change.
Hertati et al. (Sat,) studied this question.