Developing a transdisciplinary tool for water risk management and decision-support in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Extant literature reveals limited examination of risk management strategies and tools to support decision-making for sustainable water management in the private sector in Ontario, Canada. Moreover, a gap persists in understanding how water risks are prioritized and managed in the private sector. Addressing these gaps, this transdisciplinary study applied a novel normative-analytical risk governance theoretical framework to water security risks, which combines analytical risk estimation with normative priorities and insights of practitioners, to examine contextually-attuned water risk management strategies and develop a decision-support tool. Using mixed methods, the study first employed a survey to elicit practitioner priorities for seven water risk indicators and investigated water risk management approaches. Then, interviews were conducted to obtain in-depth understanding about the priorities, strategies, opportunities, and role of trust in water risk management. The study found that a combination of regulatory, voluntary, and multi-stakeholder participatory approaches is needed, contingent on the severity of water risks, sector, location, and context. Moreover, the criteria of flexibility, efficiency, strategic incentives, and economic and regulatory signals, are essential. Finally, using secondary data analysis, the study integrated interdisciplinary risk data with practitioner priorities to develop a first-of-a-kind decision-support tool for water risk management in Ontario, ‘WATR-DST’. WATR-DST is an automated tool that applies the study’s findings and assists multi-sector water-related decisions, practices, and investments by providing contextually-attuned risk information in a user-friendly format. Based on the user inputs (location, sector, and source type), it displays the severity of seven water risks, qualitative themes under public and media attention, and recommends water risk management strategies. Thus, the study contributes to knowledge in sustainability management, risk analysis, and environmental management by demonstrating the novel application of the normative-analytical framework for water risk management in the private sector. WATR-DST is a key contribution envisioned to improve multi-sector water-related decisions in Ontario.