A reviewed study on the IoT based smart irrigation system for the betterment of the agriculture system

One of the most pressing challenges for sustainable development is the increasing global population and the resulting food shortage. Smart farming, powered by artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), offers a potential solution to feed the projected 10 billion people by 2050. With their high interoperability, advanced sensors, and cutting-edge technologies, AI and IoT have become essential components for smart farming practices. Drought is the most severe threat to agricultural output today, affecting almost all farming regions worldwide. Sustainable agriculture aims to increase water production and conservation to address this issue. Effective water management is crucial, especially in water-scarce areas, as agriculture consumes a significant amount of water. Traditional irrigation methods are water-intensive and result in substantial water wastage. To combat this, intelligent irrigation systems powered by machine learning and IoT are desperately needed to automate the process with minimal human effort, thereby reducing water waste. Modern agriculture requires the adoption of networking technologies, and IoT represents a crucial step towards the next stage of agricultural growth and development. IoT is a multidisciplinary concept encompassing various technologies, application areas, device capabilities, and operational techniques, often described as a new wave of ICT advancements. This article examines the potential of an IoT-powered smart irrigation system to improve agriculture by optimizing water usage and addressing water scarcity issues