Teaching English and Artificial Intelligence: EFL Teachers’ Perceptions and Use of ChatGPT

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies into education has a profound impact on the practice of teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL). ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI as an AI conversational tool, is capable of revolutionizing the teaching of EFL through personalized and interactive learning. The study examined how teachers use ChatGPT in their EFL classrooms in Kazakhstan. The results of semi-structured interviews with 11 EFL teachers reveal a combination of a wide range of reactions, ranging from enthusiasm to caution. Teachers recognize ChatGPT for its rapid generation of lesson ideas, reduced workload and increased student engagement. The chatbot is also appreciated for its role in developing students' writing and vocabulary skills through immediate feedback and personalized practice. Along with these advantages, several challenges have been identified. Major challenges include the risk of reliance on technology, academic dishonesty, the importance of precise prompt formulation, and the limited capabilities for multimedia functions, including audio and visual materials. The findings underline the necessity for extensive training to leverage ChatGPT’s potential and ensure its successful use. The need for structured guidance and support was highlighted by EFL teachers to effectively integrate this technology into educational settings. The incorporation of ChatGPT into EFL teaching presents notable benefits but requires careful consideration. Effective training programs and strong policy support are crucial to overcome challenges and optimize the use of ChatGPT in EFL teaching. This research contributes essential information for teachers, policymakers, and curriculum developers who aim to utilize AI tools to advance language learning.