Advancements in ceramic membrane technology for water and wastewater treatment: A comprehensive exploration of current utilizations and prospective horizons

The field of water and wastewater purification is witnessing notable growth with ceramic membrane technology, showcasing a steady yearly expansion of 12 % due to its inherent advantages. Ceramic membrane technology demonstrates remarkable stability in both chemical and thermal conditions, exhibits a propensity for low fouling, and facilitates long-term usage, rendering it of paramount importance in the treatment of contaminated water. Several nations, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, and Singapore, have established full-scale water treatment plants to exploit the appeal of ceramic membrane technology in the realm of water and contaminated water treatment. This review mainly investigates the effectiveness of ceramic membrane technology's use in a variety of industries, including mining and petrochemicals. Additionally, the article entails an in-depth exploration of the comparative performance of distinct ceramic membranes. Lastly, the future development of cost-effective ceramic membranes and proposed further enhancements in this domain are also discussed. This review will provide insight into the technological approach for the researchers to develop a noble ceramic membrane to ensure water purification.