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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. The considerable change in daily life or adoption of a modern lifestyle, including changing eating habits from conventional to modern high-energy foods, results in CVD. In addition to several factors, dietary modification is recommended to reduce CVD prevalence. Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) derived from various sources are beneficial for preventing CVD. This comprehensive review was undertaken to determine the dietary sources of ω-3 FAs and their impacts on the health of cardiovascular patients. Using keywords such as cardiovascular diseases, ω-3 FAs, and modern lifestyle, the literature was searched from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and the most recent relevant findings were discussed and cited in this article. The results show how dietary sources of ω-3 FAs positively impact human health regarding cardio protection. Furthermore, the data also provided pieces of evidence that the mechanism(s) by which Omega-3 fatty acids decrease CVD incidence help design new therapeutic strategies against the onset or treatment of CVD. In addition, dietary behavior, its importance, and the role that ω-3 FAs play in CVD in Gulf countries, mainly Saudi Arabia, are also discussed. The outcomes of this study concluded that much research has been done on the positive role of ω-3 FAs in lowering CVD incidence. Nevertheless, there is a need for device-specific recommendations of ω-3 FAs supplementation according to the region, as risk factors involved in the onset of CVD vary from region to region.
Ahmad Alshomar et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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