Severe Cyclonic Storm Sitrang: A Meteorological Analysis of Its Formation, Intensity, and Impact on Bangladesh

Employing a non-central difference method of lines in tandem with the 4th order Runge-Kutta technique, this study adopts a sophisticated computational approach, ensuring precision and efficiency to resolve the shallow water equations and predict water levels caused by a cyclone in the coastal area of Bangladesh. To discretize spatial derivatives, a 4-point backward finite difference method utilized while keeping time derivatives continuous. The authors transformed the shallow water equations with boundary conditions into an initial value problem and used the Runge-Kutta(4,4) method for solving this transformed initial value problem. To effectively include the land-sea boundary and bottom structure at a reasonable charge, the authors used a high-resolution approach. To create a regular and stable tidal oscillation in the area, the authors applied the tidal component to the southern boundary of the primary model. Then ran the surge model to estimate water elevations caused by the nonlinear interaction between tide and surge. Using numerical experiments, the authors simulated water heights generated by tide, pure surge, and tide surge interaction caused by the intense cyclonic storm SITRANG. The study's simulated results demonstrate a commendable alignment with the reported data.