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A bimetallic, two-coordinated carbene-metal-amine (cMa) Au(I) complex featuring a twisted tandem carbene structure (NHC1-Au-NHC2-Au-carbazolyl) was synthesized. The molecular structure in single crystals revealed a large dihedral angle between the two carbene ligands, while the bridged carbene NHC2 and carbazolyl (Cz) ligands were coplanar. A bluish green thermally stimulated delayed phosphorescence (TSDP) was observed in crystals with an emission lifetime over 70 μs, which can be attributed to the spin allowed diabatic population of a high-lying emissive triplet state from the 3LE characterized low-lying ones. The small rotation energy barrier of Cz along the coordination bond allowed conformers with large dihedral angles between NHC2 and Cz. The ICT characterized S1 state was consequently stabilized to achieve a thermally accessible energy gap to facilitate ISC between triplets and the S1, leading to the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Simultaneous TSDP and TADF dual emission can be recorded in its doped polymer film owing to the coexistence of these different conformers.
Zheng et al. (Mon,) studied this question.