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Abstract Background Subtype diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) is used to determine treatment, and the potential utility of 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT for investigation of PA has long been recognized. The study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with bilateral lesions identified by CT. Methods In total, 25 patients with PA and bilateral lesions on CT were retrospectively evaluated. All patients underwent 68 Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT and adrenal vein sampling. The analysis focused on establishing the relationship between bilateral adrenal lesions SUVmax and the ratio of bilateral adrenal lesions SUVmax (CON) and clinical diagnosis, treatment outcomes, and KCNJ5 gene status. Results The concordance rate between 68 Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT and adrenal venous sampling was 65.2% (15/23). The lateralization results of 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT supported the clinical decisions of 20 patients with PA, 90% of whom showed effectiveness in treatment. The SUVmax on the dominant side of the surgically treated patients was higher than that of patients treated with drugs. The SUVmax of the KCNJ5 mutant group was higher than that of the KCNJ5 wild group, and 68 Ga-Pentixafor uptake was correlated with KCNJ5 gene status. Conclusions 68 Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT proves beneficial for patients with PA with bilateral lesions on CT. The treatment is generally effective based on the results of PET lateralization. Simultaneously, a certain relationship exists between 68 Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT and KCNJ5 gene status, warranting further analysis.
Zuo et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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