Public-Private Partnership Model of Correctional Institution: A Comparison Study in Various Countries

This study highlights that Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in correctional institution is not only represented by privatization or private, but is represented by various patterns of private involvement in correctional institution PPP models.Through an exploratory approach in the literature, this study identifies four correctional institution PPP models based on the experience of various countries, namely the "privatization" model, the "hybrid management" model, the "service infrastructure" model, and the "contracting out certain limited functions" model.The characteristics of the four correctional institution PPP models are identified through their similarities and differences based on the scope of private involvement in correctional institution construction and operation.Only the "privatization" model allows private involvement in all aspects of correctional institution development and operation, while the other three PPP models allow private involvement in certain aspects while still positioning the government to control management and custody aspects.The emergence of the three correctional institution PPP models other than "privatization" is the result of the adaptation of the consideration and/or application of the "privatization" prison PPP model.