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Abstract Introduction Nanoparticles, ultrafine particles with dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers, have become integral to various industries for their unique properties and enhanced performance. Their widespread utilization in sectors such as electronics, cosmetics, medicine, and manufacturing has revolutionized product development and innovation, raising health and safety concerns. Methods Their minuscule size allows easy inhalation, posing risks to the respiratory system, with potential inflammation and respiratory disorders being major concerns, namely fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Skin absorption is another worry, potentially causing skin irritation and sensitization. Moreover, the high surface area and reactivity of nanoparticles can lead to cellular damage and oxidative stress. Furthermore, their potential for bioaccumulation raises concerns about long-term health effects. Results Occupational practitioners face complex challenges managing nanoparticle-related risks. Limited toxicity data and diverse nanoparticles complicate risk assessment. Specialized equipment and expertise are needed for monitoring exposure. Conventional protective gear may not suffice, requiring custom solutions. Regulatory frameworks struggle to address nanoparticle risks, creating safety guideline gaps. Comprehensive training and risk communication are vital for effective safety measures. Collaboration between researchers, regulators, industries, and occupational health services is crucial. Prioritizing safety measures and staying up-to-date with the latest research on nanomaterials is essential for maintaining a safe work environment. Conclusion This literature review emphasizes the significance of nanoparticles in occupational health and safety, and highlights the challenges faced by occupational health services. Proactive measures and a collective effort from all stakeholders are vital to ensure the responsible and safe integration of nanoparticles in the workplace.
Abreu et al. (Mon,) studied this question.