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Abstract Introduction Given the diversity of occupational allergens, the allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is the main cause of occupational dermatitis. Experiencing a quasi-permanent pruritus or visible lesions can impair quality of life. The aims of our study are to investigate the occupational origin of ACD and evaluate its impact on work. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients patch-tested for ACD lesions. Data were collected using a synoptic form completed to patch-tests results. Results Our population included 32 patients (sex ratio 0.88) with a mean age of 41.6 years. Eczema was the major complaint (84.4%), followed by urticaria (12.5%) and dyshidrosis (6.5%). The most prevalent allergens were nickel (25%), Potassium-dichromate (18.75%) and cobalt (15.6%). Lesions were lichenified, vesicular and erythematous in 35%, 30% and 25% of cases respectively, mostly located on the upper limb (71.9%). The patch test was positive in 71.9% of cases, more than half of them were consistent with the occupational exposure history. ACD had an occupational impact in 53.1% of individuals: recurrent work interruptions (34.4%), job retraining (18.75%), early retirement (3.1%) and definite cessation of work (3.1%). Discussion Occupational skin diseases are the most reported occupational diseases, the hands are the most intensely exposed sites to contact allergens. ACD mostly occur in hairdressers, metal workers, healthcare workers, often leads to prolonged sick-leave and frequently requires long-term treatment. Conclusion Investigating an eventual occupational origin of ACD can be challenging. Although treatment may provide temporary relief, identifying the culprit allergen may help the clinician counsel on how to avoid exposure.
Hakim et al. (Mon,) studied this question.