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Diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans through contact or ingestion of contaminated water and food are defined as zoonosis, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In this sense, 60% of the agents that are pathogenic to humans are zoonotic, such data can be explained by the increase of animals in the social environment and in the products of animal origin produced by man, such as microorganisms associated with wildlife entering intensive agricultural systems based on livestock, increase in the frequency and speed of travel, changes in the infecting agents themselves or intrinsic characteristics of the hosts, (SCHLUNDT, 2004).Vaccination is the most effective and low-cost method for the control of infectious diseases in public health and veterinary health. Immunization technology follows a rapid advance through the use of modern molecular techniques and the greater understanding of immunological mechanisms and ways to optimize immune responses to achieve maximum protection. As an example, veterinary immunization has enabled the eradication of rinderpest, as declared in 2011, jointly by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (WHO, 2024).
Monteiro et al. (Fri,) studied this question.