The Mu'tazilites and their Role in Legitimizing the Abbasid State and Confronting the Opposing Sects

The Mu'tazila scientist provided a great and important service to the Abbasid state, as the Mu'tazila participated in the revolution against the Umayyads, and the summit of their political, military and intellectual activity against the Umayyad authority was represented in their contribution with the Shiites in overthrowing the Umayyad rule, which led to the stability of power in the hands of the Abbasids. This activity has reached an extent of clarity and effectiveness, as during the last period of the Umayyad state, "Wasel" and his followers were actively working in the service of the Abbasid cause. and that the doctrine of "Wasel" and the doctrine of the early Mu'tazila were the two official theological doctrines of the Abbasid movement. In addition, the Abbasid rulers were able to pass their political ideas through Mu'tazili thought, which they found the best way to legitimize their authority, liquidate their political and religious opponents, and justify their actions. Therefore, during the time of al-Ma'mun, the Abbasid state adopted retirement as an official principle of the state.