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Manufacturing uncertainty is rising due to diverse customer demands and new technologies. These challenges are propelling us into the Industry 4.U (Industrial Revolution 4.0 Upgrade) and Industry 5.0 era, focusing on human-centric manufacturing and value creation, necessitating digital transformation. This transformation relies on the core technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution (Data Analytics, Connectivity, Autonomy, and Collaboration) to perform value-creating processes autonomously and reliably. To adapt, Industry 5.0-oriented Smart Manufacturing architecture was designed. In this system, process planners collaborate with generative AI to generate optimal process plans based on new specifications, pursuing human-centered manufacturing. The manufacturing system is reconfigured with modular technology, and each process is autonomously controlled as a 4.U/5.0-oriented production system. This paper focuses on developing an autonomous process control system for Industry 4.U/5.0-oriented Smart Manufacturing. The study aims to stabilize the quality of the brake disc grinding process in an automotive parts company. The developed control system has been tested on a car’s brake disc manufacturing line, with experimental results showing the reliability of the DT and AI in controlling the grinding process.
Park et al. (Mon,) studied this question.