Major considerations of the nutrients, probiotics and gut microbiota in the treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: a concise systematic review

Introduction: Skin conditions contributed 1.79% to the global burden of 306 diseases and injuries in recent years. Individual skin diseases varied in size, from 0.38% of the total burden for atopic dermatitis (AD), 0.29% for acne vulgaris, and 0.19% for psoriasis. The microbiome of normal human skin showed high diversity and high interpersonal variation. Imbalance of the intestinal microbiota can promote the onset and progression of human diseases. Objective: It was analyzed, through a systematic review, the main considerations of the nutrients, probiotics, and gut microbiota in the treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The search was carried out from January to April 2024 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 120 articles were found, and 29 articles were evaluated in full, and 20 were included and developed in the present systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 23 studies with a high risk of bias and 25 studies that did not meet GRADE and AMSTAR-2. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2=79.5%>50%. It was concluded that aesthetically healthy skin includes manipulation of intestinal function. Treatments that augment or repair a leaky gut barrier may become important as adjunctive therapy in the management of inflammatory skin conditions and may help increase the effectiveness of standard dermatotherapy. All of this would be aimed at modifying the secretory, metabolic, and hormonal activity of the intestinal epithelium to impact skin inflammation.