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The current research was conducted in the Rayagada and Gajapati districts of Odisha state during the academic year 2023-24. The main objective is to identify the problem encountered by the tribal farmers for livelihood security and to seek suggestion from the tribal farmers for livelihood security approach Within these two districts. The findings were indicated that the primary challenge faced by tribal farmers is the high cost of agricultural inputs, which received the highest mean score of 1.87 and ranked first. Additionally, significant problems highlighted by a majority of tribal farmers include uncertainty of rainfall (ranked second), high prevalence of pests and diseases (ranked third), pig attacks on farms (ranked fourth), and the lack of remunerative prices for farm produce and high price fluctuations (ranked fifth). Other issues identified by the tribal farmers include Inadequate irrigation facilities for farming as well as to maintain livestock (ranked sixth), high cost of inputs even to take small enterprises (ranked seventh), lack of credit on investing in other income-generating activities (ranked eighth), lack of awareness and government encouragement about the subsidiary occupations/alternative enterprises(ranked ninth), dearth of education facilities (ranked tenth), dearth of health care services. (ranked eleventh), and poor accessibility of extension agencies for technical guidance (ranked twelfth). The suggestions are assured supply of basic living amenities like water, fuel etc. stood first ranked, followed by coverage of insurance and health programmes for tribal farmers and governments assistance be provided in creation of assets like land, house etc. ranked second and third, respectively. Social structures like school, hospitals, transportation etc be created (fourth rank), provide fencing protecting from pig attack in farm (fifth rank), more livelihood development projects in rural areas be encouraged (sixth rank) and awareness about different government schemes be created (seventh rank).
Ghosh et al. (Mon,) studied this question.