The paradigm shift in science education: Namibian science teachers’ perceptions and experiences with inquiry-based instruction

This study explored Namibian science teachers’ perceptions of and approaches towards integrating inquiry-based instruction in science education. A survey questionnaire with 133 participants determined their opinions, attitudes, and beliefs revealing a strong preference for inquiry-based methods, with an average rating of 4.36 on a five-point Likert scale. Teachers emphasised its effectiveness in engaging learners, fostering critical thinking, and connecting scientific principles to real-world scenarios. The study examines key factors that impact the enactment of inquiry-based instruction, including teachers’ prior experiences, understanding of inquiry, and philosophical viewpoints on the nature of science. The findings from this study showed that the allocation of time in the curriculum, the behaviour of learners, and the availability of resources were recognised as important factors impeding the successful implementation of inquiry-based instruction. The study suggests tailored professional development to address challenges and enhance teachers’ ability to embrace inquiry-based practices effectively. These insights contribute to understanding determinants influencing innovative pedagogical approaches in Namibian science classrooms, informing educational policies and initiatives for teacher training in the country.