Resveratrol ameliorates mitochondrial biogenesis and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing assisted reproduction: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Abstract Background This study was designed to examine the effect of resveratrol on mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress (OS), and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Fifty-six patients with PCOS were randomly assigned to receive 800 mg/day of resveratrol or placebo for 60 days. The primary outcome was OS in follicular fluid (FF). The secondary outcome involved assessing gene and protein expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in granulosa cells (GCs). ART outcomes were evaluated at the end of the trial. Results Resveratrol significantly reduced the total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in FF ( P = 0.0142 and P = 0.0039, respectively) while increasing the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) ( P 0.05). Conclusions These findings indicate that resveratrol may be a promising therapeutic agent for patients with PCOS undergoing assisted reproduction. Trial registration number http://www.irct.ir ; IRCT20221106056417N1; 2023 February 09.