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Co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass is an efficient way to utilize resources. This study investigates the co-pyrolysis behavior and kinetics of coal and biomass using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and TG-FTIR. Co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass exhibits a synergistic effect. When the biomass is 25%, the weight loss increases, showing a positive synergistic effect. When the biomass is 50%, it exhibits a negative synergistic effect. Increasing the heating rate can promote the generation of a synergistic effect. Co-pyrolysis involves two central pyrolysis stages: stage III (250-380 °C) and stage IV (380-550 °C). Friedman, FWO, KAS, and STA methods are used to calculate the activation energy for stages III and IV. The activation energy (
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