Prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behavior among adolescents in rural Bangladesh

Abstract Background Among the four leading causes of worldwide death, suicide is one, which is prevailing especially in lower-middle-income countries. However, the number of studies is minimal based on adolescent suicidal behavior in rural Bangladesh. This study aims to identify the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behavior in adolescents in a remote subdistrict in Bangladesh. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in Lohagara, a rural subdistrict in southern Bangladesh from July, 15 to August 14, 2024. 350 subjects were recruited for the study, all of whom were school-going adolescents aged 11 to 17. The Bengali-translated versions of the Suicidal Behavior-Revised Questionnaire (SBQ-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21), as well as another structured questionnaire, were used to obtain data from participants. Data were analyzed by STATA version 17. Result The prevalence of suicidal behavior among adolescents is 12.3% (95% CI: 9.2% to 16.2%) (overall SBQ-R score of 7 or more). Having step-parents, peer conflict, stress, anxiety, and a family history of suicide are found to be significantly associated with the development of suicidal behavior in adolescents. Unmarried and single relationship status and the overprotective attitude of parents play a protective role in growing young adults’ suicidal tendencies. Conclusion The notable prevalence of suicidal behavior in adolescents underscores the need for screening and intervention at an early age. Different health promotional and educational programs can be organized in schools and communities. The ultimate goal is to protect adolescents with adequate counseling, care, and support.