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This study explores the legal frameworks governing digital transactions, with a specific focus on the transformative impact of blockchain technology. The primary aim is to elucidate the complexities and challenges posed by blockchain while examining the diverse regulatory approaches adopted internationally. Through a comprehensive literature review and comparative analysis, the research addresses key aspects such as the conceptual framework of digital transactions, the unique characteristics of blockchain, and the regulatory strategies implemented across different jurisdictions. The findings reveal that blockchain technology, characterized by its decentralized, immutable, and transparent nature, significantly disrupts traditional regulatory models. Identified challenges include jurisdictional ambiguities, enforcement difficulties, and privacy concerns. The comparative analysis shows divergent regulatory approaches: supportive frameworks in Japan and Switzerland contrast sharply with restrictive measures in China, highlighting the necessity for international cooperation and harmonization of regulations. The study concludes that effective regulation of blockchain technology requires innovative and flexible legal frameworks capable of adapting to rapid technological advancements. Policymakers must balance fostering innovation and protecting public interests, emphasizing the need for privacy-preserving technologies and international standards. Recommendations include developing global regulatory standards, enhancing privacy measures, and creating legal frameworks that accommodate the decentralized nature of blockchain systems. This research provides valuable insights for regulators, policymakers, and stakeholders, offering a pathway towards a secure, transparent, and innovative digital economy. Continuous adaptation and international collaboration are imperative to address emerging challenges and fully harness the potential of blockchain technology. The study advocates for proactive engagement and cooperation among nations to create a cohesive regulatory environment that promotes innovation while safeguarding public interests, enabling the global community to navigate the complexities of blockchain technology and unlock its full potential for economic and social advancement. Keywords: Blockchain Technology, Digital Transactions, Legal Frameworks, Regulatory Challenges, International Cooperation, Privacy Concerns.
Ochigbo et al. (Wed,) studied this question.