Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems: An Analysis from the State-of-the-Art Review

This state-of-the-art review investigates the literature on Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) in response to growing global energy demands and climate change concerns. Solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) systems are pivotal components of HRES, which, when complemented by Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), enhance system efficiency by storing and dispatching surplus energy during low-generation periods. An analysis of literature trends reveals a notable surge in HRES research publications, peaking in 2022. Researchers primarily focus on optimizing hybrid systems, emphasizing modeling, sizing, and feasibility assessments. The dominance of Asian countries in HRES research highlights potential applications in off-grid settings within densely populated, remote, and isolated regions. A review of the ten most cited articles from 2019 to 2023 reveals that these publications predominantly discuss the state-of-the-art in HRES. The analysis identifies knowledge gaps, emphasizing the importance of research addressing control strategies, simulation tools, and the feasibility of large-scale hybrid power plants across diverse geographies, particularly in areas with high solar and wind generation potential. This review not only highlights the rapid growth and global relevance of HRES but also serves as an incentive for ongoing exploration, innovation, and collaboration in areas concerning the future of energy.