Blood Revenge as a Form of Social Defense in Ancient and Medieval Societies

This article examines the institution of blood feuds as a form of retribution and early criminal punishment. It elucidates the reasons and conditions for the emergence of blood feuds and their role in stabilizing society. This article explores the specific features of blood feud procedures among different cultures, including the Jews, Slavs, and Germanic people, particularly focusing on who had the right to commit blood feuds and against whom they could be directed. Finally, the article analyzes the decline of blood feuds due to the establishment of a state monopoly on punishment.