Load Frequency Control Strategy for Microgrid Systems Using Computational Intelligence Optimized Pid Controller

This paper presents Load Frequency Control (LFC) strategy for Microgrid (MG) systems, proposing a strategy based on a PID optimized controller using computational intelligence (CI) technique. The MG system, relying solely on Renewable Energy Sources(RES) is modeled in SIMULINK. A novel multi-objective function comprising of Weighted Integral Square Error, WISE and Weighted Integral Absolute Square Error WIASE (WISE+WIASE) is proposed to enhance system performance. Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO), the Proportional, Integral and Derivative controller parameters are tuned. Simulation results revealed the superiority of the PSO-PID with the least steady state error of 4.1560e-07 and overshoot 0.0611 respectively over the APSO-PID with steady state error value of 4.8144e-07 and overshoot of 0.1334 respectively. PSO-PID also outperformed APSO-PID across other indices (ITAE, IAE, ITSE and ISE) making the PSO-PID to excel over the APSO-PID in terms of steady state error and overshoot. The controllers proved to be robust in various conditions with the PSO-PID controller exhibiting more robustness and stability than the APSO-PID controller. Comparing PSO and APSO algorithms, PSO outperformed APSO in terms of robustness because for five number of runs in both algorithms, the PSO algorithm presents a more quality and consistent results and also display a better convergence than the APSO algorithm . Conversely, APSO surpasses PSO in fast computational time and convergence speed. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the proposed LFC strategy for RES based Microgrid systems, providing valuable insights into comparative performance of PSO and APSO algorithms.