Curcumin Enhances ATG3-Dependent Autophagy and Inhibits Metastasis in Cervical Carcinoma

Abstract Cervical carcinoma poses a significant health threat, with traditional treatments proving inadequate in advanced stages. Curcumin, a bioactive compound derived from turmeric, exhibits notable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antineoplastic properties, potentially modulating autophagy, and metastasis in cancer cells. This study examines curcumin's impact on autophagy and metastasis in cervical carcinoma, focusing on its interaction with autophagy-related gene 3 (ATG3). SiHa and HeLa cervical carcinoma cell lines were treated with curcumin, ATG3 knockdown (shATG3), and their combination. Cell migration was evaluated via wound healing assays, and LC3 expression was assessed using immunofluorescence and western blotting. Molecular docking simulations identified curcumin's binding interactions with key proteins. Curcumin and shATG3 significantly inhibited cell migration, with a synergistic effect observed when combined. LC3 expression was enhanced, indicating increased autophagy. Docking studies revealed curcumin's potential binding to MMP2, MMP9, TGF-β, ATG3, LC3, and p62, suggesting modulation of these pathways. The combination of curcumin and ATG3 knockdown demonstrates significant inhibition of cervical carcinoma cell migration and enhancement of autophagy, supporting curcumin's potential as a therapeutic agent for cervical carcinoma. Further clinical research is warranted to confirm these findings.