A Component Method for Full-Range Behaviour of Embedded Steel Column Bases

This paper introduces a component model for analysing embedded column bases to predict rotational stiffness, moment resistance, and the full-range moment–rotation response. The key components identified include the embedded column, concrete in compression on the column side, concrete in compression beneath the base plate, concrete in punching shear above the base plate, and anchor bolts. The embedded column is modelled as a Timoshenko beam, considering both shear and flexural deformations, while other components are represented by springs. Methods are provided for determining their uniaxial constitutive behaviour. A simplified iterative solution method is proposed, where the embedded column is further simplified into three rigid segments to specifically address shear and bending deformations. A corresponding simplified finite element model is developed for accurate numerical solutions. The validity of the component model is confirmed through comparisons with the results of existing tests and refined solid finite element analysis for H-steel column bases. The simplified iterative solution method effectively predicts strength but underestimates the stiffness of deeply embedded column bases. This is due to the trilinear deformation pattern simplification, which concentrates flexural deformation at the upper bearing stress resultant force point, leading to an overestimation of steel column rotation on the foundation surface.